1. What are pointers?
All data of a program are stored in memory.
In memory it is referred with a Unique number called ADDRESS.
Way of accessing that address using variables is called pointers.
Operators used in pointer are
& - address operator.
* - Dereferencing operator,
Example:

int*iptr; is an integer pointer.

2. What do you mean by Type Casting?
Converting data of one data type into data of another data type is called as type casting.
Type casting can be done only between compatible data types.
While converting if the assigned data is longer it will be truncated.
Example:-

int a;

float f=10.33

a=(int)f; - 10 will be stored in a and .33 will be truncated.

3. Define Character Constant.
A constant that contains a single character.
A character constant can be an, alphabet, numeral, symbol or non-graphic character.
Any character which forms part of ASCII character SET.
A Character constant is enclosed within Single Quotes(` `)
Example:-

‘a’,’+’,’3’,’\n’

4. Define Integer Constant.
A constant that contains a whole numbers.
Must have at least one digit.
Cannot have fractional or exponential part.
Can be signed or unsigned.
Example:-
10,20,1,3000,32767.

1. Define Floating point Constant.
A constant that contains a real number.
It includes a integer portion, a decimal point, a fractional portion and an exponent.
Mandatory must have either integer part of fractional part.
Can be signed.
Example:

12.33,100.00,0.66,5.864E1.

2. Define String/String literals.
A String is a sequence of characters.
Is is terminated with an escape sequence ‘\0’ (String terminator).
A string is implemented as a single dimension character array.
Example:

char name[10]={“CHARLES”};

3. What do you mean by association?
When using operators in C / C++, it is not evaluated as it is type.
Instead it is evaluated in a different order of precedence, determined earlier
(Compare with BODMAS rule of mathematics)
This logical grouping of operators for the purpose of evalutaion is called associtation

4. Define Storage Class (or) Storage Qualifier (or) Storage Specifier.
It is a qualifier which can be prefixed with a variable declaration.
It changes the behaviour of a variable(availability or visibility).
Important Storage specifiers are
Auto
Static
Register
Extern
Example:

auto int (..)

static float f=1.56;

extern int fact;

register int r;

S : Does everyone needs to know the entire history of evolution of computers, sir?

T : You can study the evolution of computers is detail out of interest. But now I shall list you out some basic point, which has to be essentially known by every one.

S : Thanks sir, I feel that would be better and easy to learn know?

T : Note down clearly kanna, I will list out the very essential things which you can remember about generations of computers.

Each and every generation has a period of evolution Kanna, i.e., that generation of computer was in use for a range of years, that is a very important point which you can learn and remember about each generation.

And then each generation of computer had a chief constituent component. That is the next equally important point which you have to know about generations.

And each generation of computers had some merits and limitations.

And finally there are certain examples of each generation of computers.

Put together these four points are very essential points about each generation of computers which you can learn and remember for future reference.

S : Sir, now can you list out all the above information which you said just know?

T : Yes kanna, here I am presenting the above details in a tabular format below.