For every young girl comes one day they will be surprised by some blood. And from that moment it will be every month periods, it is often associated with different aches.

What is menstruation / menstrual

This is the shed endometrium, which is causing bleeding, if no egg is fertilized. The menstrual cycle are regulated by hormones. An average menstrual cycle lasts twenty-eight days.

A girl's first period is typically between one tenth and fifteenth year and is "menarche" mentioned. Is a girl on her sixteenth still no periods now than is recommended by the doctor. The first two years of menstruation can be very irregular periods then it is easier to track. A woman is not menstruating and has had unsafe sex can indicate a pregnancy. A period usually lasts between three and five days and each day is about 60ml. lost blood. The last period is called the menopause, a woman is no longer menstruating.

Hormones

* follicle stimulating hormone

* luteinizing hormone

* estrogen

* progesterone

Symptoms

* breast tenderness

* Low abdominal pain

* backache

* cranky

* headache

* diarrhea

* increased appetite

Hygiene

The following products can be used to prevent leakage:

* The Keeper

* Softcup

* Tampon

* Sanitary napkins

* Panty Liner

Besides daily with lukewarm water (a shower or bath) and regular tampons, pads, goalie, or softcup pantyliner change is also no need for additional measures. A time period can a woman just have sex and an orgasm is so that the pain may ease.

Menstruation

Irregular menstrual patterns, too much or too little blood loss, absence of menstruation, excruciating pain during menstruation and ovulation even, severe mood disorders in the week before menstruation ... The list of issues surrounding menstruation does not seem to stop. In most cases there is nothing seriously wrong and even the most violent symptom merely the result of a small disturbance in hormone balance. This overview lists the most common complaints.

The normal menstrual cycle

Menstruation, the bleeding caused by detachment and ejection of the endometrium from the uterus. It is the result of an interplay of hormones produced by various bodies formed. The normal cycle time is around 28 days, although there are large individual differences. The first half of the hormone cycle starts with the maturation of oocytes in the ovaries and ova, follicles produce estrogen. This hormone is responsible for growth of the endometrium.

At some point in the cycle, usually around the fourteenth day after the last menstrual period, a follicle has grown so that it bursts and releases an egg. This is called ovulation. The remainder of the follicle, also called the corpus luteum, then produces half female hormone, progesterone. This allows for the further preparation of the lining of the uterus to receive a possibly fertilized egg to implant and. Without fertilization stop producing the hormones after about ten days, with the result that a few days later dies and the endometrium is released: Menstruation. Menstruation usually lasts four to five days. Small differences are possible.

Irregular menstruation

Oligomenorrhea is the medical term for irregular menstruation. If a woman is less than the usual eleven to thirteen periods per year, and thus a cycle that lasts longer than about four weeks in technical terms this is called irregular. These are normal and are generally preceded by an ovulation. A long cycle time but quite often, eg once every five to nine weeks, usually means that ovulation slow to get off. Once ovulation has been, always follows a period after fourteen days. It is often an irregular cycle in the first years after the first menstruation, and if the woman menopause (last menstrual period) is reached. The condition is harmless and treatment is usually not necessary unless the woman wishes to become pregnant.

No menstruation

.:: Primary

Amenorrhea is the appointment of temporary or permanent absence of menstrual periods. It is called primary amenorrhea at puberty when the periods do not start. This is in most cases because of a late onset of puberty, but occasionally it may be due to a congenital abnormality in the reproductive or hormonal system.

.:: Secondary

The absence of menstruation in a woman who previously had a regular cycle is called secondary amenorrhea. This is due to a change in hormonal balance which the release of an egg from an ovary or to regulate pregnancy. Disturbances of hormonal imbalance can occur quickly, such as emotional factors such as fights or a new job, fatigue and stress. Sudden weight loss, excessive exercise, certain medications and diseases can also cause. After stopping the contraceptive pill is not uncommon that a few months beyond the periods stay away. Finally, certain abnormalities of the pituitary is still a possibility for the absence of menstruation, although rarely. Obviously menstruation stops completely at one point when the woman at the end of the transition, around age 50, has been reached.

Both primary and secondary amenorrhea is common, but the latter more often. The phenomenon can in principle be left untreated unless a pregnancy is. In that event, a drug to the egg production to launch.

Heavy or prolonged menstrual

The medical term for heavy periods is menorrhagia. This is the case if the period lasts longer than seven days, there is heavy flow and clots. But what is heavy flow? What one woman a lot, is nothing special for the other woman. Usually referred to as the significant bleeding clots more than a few centimeters in size and / or if you should stay at home to flow into the holes to keep. Usually it is a simple disruption of hormonal balance, but it can also result from benign growths such as fibroids, polyps, endometriosis, or pelvic inflammation. An IUD can also provide heavy bleeding. Although sometimes scary, is not in principle a heavy menstrual dangerous.

The phenomenon menorrhagia is a common complaint. Some women have it occasionally, while others struggle with it every month. A risk is an iron deficiency so let it flow at many levels checked to make sure that no anemia occurs. Possible solutions to the problem, although pill a note is made because many women complain of heavy periods when they have stopped taking the pill cycle and their back is turned. When using the pill, no periods but only withdrawal bleeding, which is usually weak. If the woman had used this for years she could be surprised by the strength of the blood loss that occurs in real periods. Other ways to stop a heavy menstrual been a curettage and in the last case a removal of the uterus did not work.

Painful menstruation

Painful menstruation is called dysmenorrhea. There is a distinction between primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. What happens is that the uterus contracts to the mucosal release.

..:: Primary

This form occurs within three years after the onset of menstrual periods and is a result of natural hormonal changes. Menstrual pain is more or less proof that two weeks before ovulation has occurred. The pain can be very severe and similar to contractions in childbirth. The phenomenon usually occurs on the first day of menstruation and to a lesser extent, on the second day. The recurrent phenomenon may persist until the child gets a wife.

..:: Secondary

If the woman who has a remarkably longer menstruating suddenly painful menstruation can get something else going on. It can be caused by fibroids, endometriosis or inflammation. In this case go to a doctor. Menstrual cramps are almost always defined as at least a nagging pain in the abdomen to violent spasms of a clear contracting uterus. The pain can be felt in the back, may even cause nausea and dizziness. The pill will improve or even eliminate pain. A simpler remedy is to take painkillers, paracetamol which is preferred because aspirin can increase the blood loss.

Premenstrual syndrome

Premenstrual tension exists in all grades and expressions for and has a hormonal cause. PMS as the phenomenon sometimes called, occurs after ovulation has occurred, will then increase to about seven days before menstruation, remains stable or slowing down In the days before menstruation and disappear completely when the menstruation is broken. As some women say when they are menstruating: "As if the fog lifts." Suddenly they feel much better.

Changes in hormone balance during those crucial two weeks before menstruation are here for this. The presence of progesterone in the blood provides a range of unpleasant symptoms. This hormone is only released after ovulation and remains until menstruation occurs. Women report pain and breast tenderness, so that was awfully touching. It may occur nagging pain, headaches, insomnia, a strong distension, weight gain, skin problems, fatigue, backaches changing but above an altered mental state. The most common symptoms in this area are increased irritability, depression and aggressiveness. When women cry, chances are it is in the pre-menstrual phase occurs. Tears than is already 'ready'.

Although the woman is the cause of this state may recognize, she can not change anything anyway. These events are becoming emotional with age. Pill regulates hormone balance and ensures that no "outliers anymore, but for many, not the answer since it is the irritable mood slightly throughout the month is maintained, and not only in greater extent in the two weeks before menstruation.

Ovulation Pain

Ovulation pain or pain may occur sometimes in the middle two weeks before menstruation as an egg from one of the ovaries is released and some liquid is released into the abdominal cavity. This pain is characteristic and may be associated with a range of symptoms. Often it is actually left or right of the abdomen felt radiates to the back and it seems to heavy persistent menstrual pain. The pain usually lasts several hours and occurs suddenly. It can vary from mild pain to a sharp stabbing immense pressure from the pelvic area. Sometimes the pain on a number of cycles left, then a number of cycles to just right place. It can also change every month. There may occasionally occur a very light bleeding. Ovulation pain disappears after taking the pill because there is no more ovulations occur, although this is a 'palliative' is a natural event that occurs only once a month.

Other bleeding

Bleeding sometimes be mistaken for menstruation, but are not, are the following. In these cases always consult a doctor.

* Breakthrough bleeding with hormonal medications and pill

* Contact Bleeding

* Bleeding after menopause, so one year after the last menstrual

* Bleeding during pregnancy (although implantation bleeding is normal)

* Blood loss by disease or inflammation of the cervix

Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is a change in the body of the mature woman who periodically occurs between puberty and menopause. The menstrual cycle has everything to do with the fertility of women. The menstrual cycle includes the egg maturation and preparation of the female body on a possible pregnancy. The average menstrual cycle lasts 28 days. Menstruation is also called menstruation or periods mentioned.

When talking about the menstrual cycle we speak generally about a period of approximately four weeks. During these four weeks the body prepares itself for a possible pregnancy and fertility processes play an important role.

Average length of menstrual cycle

There are women that are right for the 28 days (four weeks) menstruate, or periods, but the majority of women have a menstrual cycle that somewhere between 25 and 35 days. The average menstrual cycle lasts exactly 28 days. The duration and course of the menstrual cycle is affected by our hormones.

The normal menstrual cycle

The normal menstrual cycle can be divided into two phases. The first phase is called the follicular phase after ovulation goes into the luteal phase.

In the first phase, the follicular phase, separates the pituitary, a region in the brains, the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH for short) off. This makes the follicle (the egg) to stimulate growth. The follicle produces estrogen at this stage itself. Estrogen causes the uterus is prepared for a possible implantation of a fertilized egg. When the follicle reaches a certain size will luteinizing hormone (abbreviated LH) secreted by the pituitary gland. Within 36 to 48 hours, the follicle jumping (this is called ovulation) which could be fertilized.

The second phase is the luteal phase. This phase begins when ovulation has occurred, so that the follicle ruptures and the egg from the follicle disappeared. What remains is the yellow body (corpus luteum), which is the follicle without oocyte. This corpus luteum will produce progesterone for several days, making changes and the endometrium is prepared for the possible implantation of an embryo. If after a few days days shown the yellow body is not supported by the pregnancy hormone hCG, the uterus back into the starting position back and partially divested, along with the unfertilized egg. This is called menstruation.

Week 1 of the normal menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle starts with menstruation or menstruation. During this period, you lose the thickened part of the uterus (this is called the endometrium) along with the unfertilized egg. Lose blood during menstruation, the bleeding in most women take about two to ten days. During an average menstrual woman loses about 50 milliliters of blood.

It's a persistent prejudice that women during menstruation have a rothumeur. Within hours after the onset of menstruation increases the amount of estrogen that is, what a blast the brains of serotonin (the happiness hormone ') returns.

During the first day of your period, your estrogen and testosterone levels are quite low. You can also have a lack of iron through blood loss. This allows you the first day of your period feeling tired. After a few days but again this fatigue makes room for a growing energy.

Week 2 of the normal menstrual cycle

In the second week of your cycle, taking the estrogen and progesterone levels significantly. This makes you feel happier, more social and motivated. You can feel adventurous and impulsive and have more need to flirt. Shot Through the hormones that your body has gotten you a lot of energy.

Under the influence of estrogen and progesterone have more sex drive. Your orgasms are more intense and you'll easily done. This is no coincidence, this week, the chance of a pregnancy which is the largest. This also brings with it a risk: estrogen peaks because you look more carefully around to a better potential partner.

Your memory is this week at best, and your pain level has increased due to higher estrogen levels. This fact stimulates the production of endorphins, natural painkillers in the body.

Week 3 of the normal menstrual cycle

This week the ovulation, also known as ovulation, proceeds. This is when an ovary an egg can be fertilized and then reject that. The estrogen and testosterone decreases rapidly, after a few days to rise again. The progesterone level continues to rise this week alone.

The low estrogen content, what you feel weepy and irritable and you may feel a lack of energy. In the second part of this third week of the hormone rise again make you feel better again.

In this week's libido seems to be what gekeldert. You have less sexual desire (this is due to the increased progesterone levels) and it's harder to reach orgasm.

Week 4 of the normal menstrual cycle

This is the week in which women may experience the so-called premenstrual symptoms, also abbreviated to PMS. The estrogen level and the amount of serotonin is falling so you can refer to a sudden mood. The collapse of both estrogen and progesterone levels did you lack energy and feel lethargic.

Some women have this week increased sexual desire. Research has shown that the nerve endings in your vagina can be stimulated by the thickening of the uterine wall.

Deviations of the menstrual cycle

Not all women follow the menstrual cycle a normal state of affairs. Deviations of the menstrual cycle can occur, for example by:

* Women with anorexia

* Women who are in extreme sports

* Women with severe obesity (obesity)

* Lactating women

Abnormalities of blood loss during menstruation

There may also be abnormalities in the amount of blood loss of women during menstruation and the duration of blood loss. Here, we distinguish the following exceptions:

* Menorrhagia:
a normal, regular menstruatiecylus with an increase in the amount and duration of blood loss

* Hypermenorrie:
a normal, regular menstruatiecylus with an increase in the amount of blood loss

* Hypomenorroe:
a normal, regular menstruatiecylus with a decrease in the amount of blood loss

* Metrorrhagie:
mmnstruatiecyclus varying duration, number of bleeding days and amount of blood loss

* Amenorrhea:
absence of menstruation for at least six months

* Oligomenorrhea:
a menstrual cycle longer than 35 days but less than six months

* Polymenorroe:
a menstrual cycle shorter than 25 days resulting in frequent menstrual bleeding