The feet, parts of our anatomy are essential for the daily development of our everyday activities. Without them we could not normally move anywhere, are those that allow us to walk, run, jump, dance, swimming, driving, biking, climbing trees, etc.., We can safely say that the foot is a vital organ for sports and that any alteration in morphology may decrease performance. Its structure allows through its arches (plantar arch and metatarsal arch), distribute the loads and / or your body weight evenly to those parts of their anatomy prepared for this purpose. As data is sufficient to recall that the accessory stand once downloaded our weight, walking 1.1 times our weight, our weight 2.5 times running and jumping that value rises to 6 times our weight. The podiatry through time has allowed establishing for example three foot types, namely:

Greek Pie: Where the big toe or hallux stands as the longest follow the rest of the fingers in proportion with respect to the length thereof.

Egyptian Pie: In this case the longest toe is the second, ie the one that follows the big toe or hallux.

Square foot: All toes have a uniformity in relation to its length.

We can say that much of the pathology of the foot, must rank among the so-called diseases of civilization implied the obligation to take a walk on smooth, hard ground, not natural terrain would be ideal for the structure and morphology of our feet. Some scholars argue that our ancestors subjects who were usually barefoot, ignorant disorders such as flat foot, since moved on rocky surfaces, sandy, muddy, etc. accompanying the normal shape of the foot, likewise argue that the future, this anomaly would be of widespread prevalence of smooth, hard surfaces and of course the use of inappropriate footwear. This involves, in many cases, an imbalance occurs and a trophic muscle - which carries ligament discomfort and disease that may become, at times very painful. To this we should also add the item of footwear, we must never forget that shoes come in a few moments to exert some pressure on the foot points totally unnatural.

From the above it follows that the feet deserve to be taken into account in all its aspects, not in vain are our natural locomotion, although sometimes a sedentary lifestyle or daily habits make us forget. In this footwear is of vital importance, as discussed by very poor and rudimentary in all areas, especially in sports. The footwear, throughout history has been generating plenty of anomalies produced mainly by the improper use, poor design, inadequate materials and erroneous selection criteria based on ignorance perhaps. The advancement of science and technology has enabled the integration of appropriate footwear to the needs and the different demands that are under our feet, either from the sporting point of view and / or daily use, taking the fingertips the ability to choose between an endless number of brands, costs, profits, and performance.

Finally we could say that in our country, there is enough explanatory information to allow us to make an informed assessment of the shoe which would be more appropriate for this or that activity, and it seemed that this choice is governed by fashion, social class that is owned or primarily intended to belong and costs. But in general line when choosing the sportswear, the fundamental tool such as footwear is relegated to a second plan, as if it were a purely decorative. On this basis we have for example a paddle with people who practice suitable for jogging shoes or joggers with his boots for "soccer dad" and so an endless number of cases, all they do is create all sorts of injuries whether joints, ligaments, muscles, etc..,

let alone those high heels and narrow which alter the structure of the feet, moving the natural points of support and gravity, this amendment would not only affect the feet, but that indirectly impact on knees, hips and spine. This may cause part of great instability, injuries such as sprains, strains, torn ligaments and even fractures. Shoes with heels generate mild to severe discomfort in the feet, swelling, even bone problems such as bunions, hammertoes, corns, and even back pain. This type of footwear affects Achilles heel, creating excessive pressure on the forefoot. According to experts, walking on heels, the body moves forward and forces the toes and forefoot to bear the entire burden, causing pain and damage to these extremities.

Throughout this little research will try to unravel a bit of information that enables better and right choice of footwear .-

Description of Foot

The foot consists of 26 bones, 33 joints, 19 muscles, numerous blood vessels, nerves and more than 100 tendons, which are the elements that allow the feet to perform its six fundamental movements: flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, pronation, and supination . But the most surprising quality of this structure so dynamic is its ability to adapt comfortably to the land he walks on. And this power is possibly due to the complex biochemical interactions that occur between the various joints and muscles that connect the foot and leg. The footwear allows the adaptability of the feet increases, although it has also meant an increase or exacerbation of the problems confronting the feet, chafing, swelling, blisters, calluses and fungal infection.

They say those who know that the foot is a masterpiece, designed to walk without shoes and on any terrain, but also the worst offenders body. With regard to its composition, we can add that back heel and forefoot are made up of seven short, thick tarsal bones, five metatarsal bones form the front side of the upper and extend into the forefoot to form the metatarsal eminence. The fingers are made up of fourteen smaller phalanges, the toe has two and the others have three each. All the bones are connected by bands of tissue that are called ligament, the plantar ligament runs from the bone of the upper to the metatarsals and keeps all the bones in place, the foot movements are controlled by leg muscles.

What is the purpose of our feet?

Maintaining the necessary support of the whole body while standing, walking or running is the most important feature of the feet its arched shape and especially articulate, set them between two other important functions:

* To absorb and dampen vibrations and shocks that occur at every step.

* Activating the bloodstream when compressed by the weight of the body and shrink time to take the plunge

If our feet were flat, i.e. little or no arch, there is a risk of injury in the knees, hips and spine and that would be higher. When we walk our feet with a burst pressure up to 650 K/cm2, 2500 k/cm2 race. Hence the importance of its architecture to support such a huge job.

Footwear

It refers to the manufacture of all types of shoe, shoe, boot or sandal to serve cover and protect the feet. Are usually grouped in the same branch as the garment industry, since much of it is integrated into the compound of the fashion industry. Often the parameters of fashion for the production of RMG also incorporate the shoes in their sales strategies, to be increasingly common for firms to tender broad sector of all kinds of accessories. The shoe industry was born with the same humanity as it is reported from the Upper Paleolithic of the existence of techniques of treatment of animal skins to make clothing and footwear. The technology used by early humans was refined, and even in old age appeared fabrication shop craftsmen.

In times of Roman empire consolidates a kind of workshop in which one or more master craftsmen, along with a few apprentices, produced for the local market, serving the same workshop as a selling point. With several variations, this was the productive base which lasted until the nineteenth century. In the seventeenth century appeared a few large factories, especially in France, protected by the Crown and luxury oriented products. Another organizational model in the sector also unusual since the fifteenth century, was the joint production in small workshops who worked for a merchant who provided supplies and buy the finished product.

These systems were missing after the Industrial Revolution. Since the early nineteenth century factory model generalizes, as we know it now. The production process is organized, and is adding successive technological improvements, among which include: cutting machines each time more accurate, allowing better use of raw materials; tanning systems with chemical solvents, which improve the quality of materials; steel needle, which solves the strangulation of the stitching, and synthetic-type queues, thus lowering costs and improve the resistance of the finished product. The economic crisis of the 1970s love for this industry seriously. In developed countries, production costs, and particularly the work, were at levels that precluded their competitiveness.

In the global market some less developed countries had increased benefits obtained by incorporating highly standardized technology and the use of low labor cost, so that the sector was in recession. The first answer was a resurgence of protectionism, which contributed to widespread crisis and blocked the growth of international trade. This situation continued for several years, and only the successive rounds of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade have enabled them to reduce tariff barriers. The long-term response of industry has been an international reorganization of production, in which most developed countries have retained the manufacture of high quality and innovative design, closely linked to the fashion industry, while others countries work an industry low-cost market very long.

There is a third tier of companies, those of intermediate quality and design that remain in developed countries circumventing labor regulations that raise costs. They are part of an extensive set of activities called black economy.

Companies often do not have submerged large family workshops that rely on a company that buys the finished product, which puts its mark. Even prestigious firms resort to this procedure. So far a short summary, as a preamble to understand a bit more of why we must choose either the block time for any activity, ultimately resulting in better quality of life.

Current running shoes

• Feet should be parallel to each other. Both when it is standing, walking and the toes should be directed straight ahead. Placing his feet with the tips pointing out weakens the arch of the foot.
• Taco Footwear should be wide and not very high. In the city is preferable to have a rubber cover, to decrease the shock on hard pavement.
• The inner edge of the shoe, before its inside a straight line from heel to toe, not to force this to turn out, which may promote the development of a "bunion or hallux valgus.
• The length of the shoe or be about 1 1.5 cm greater than the foot must mediate the space between the tips of the big toe and second toe to the tip of the shoe.
• The width and height of the tip of the shoe should be such as to allow free movement of the toes.
• The floor may not be as thick or as hard to prevent the normal movements of the foot
• Shoes conform closely to the heel and the back of the foot.
• Consider that to facilitate the coupling foot-footwear is recommended not to release the sports day competition.
• When purchasing shoes damping values, counters and drawing of the sole according to the sports field and taking into account also the number to be fair, just rub your finger tip to try.

It is also true that there are some errors in the footwear material produced at times by a premature wear and fatigue of materials used or simply the case of very poor quality shoes or copies.

Consider the following:

• Control of mileage. The lifetime of athletic footwear ranges from 800 to 1500 km.
• Wear on the sole. If we support the foot well but the party should wear the backyard, that is where we support the foot.
• Take off the sole. If the shoes are not the sole quality tends to come loose.
• Hardening of the matter, which renders you shock absorption.

Today,there is currently on the market a wide range of footwear for sports, and to suit our needs in terms of sizes, tastes, preferences, type of sports, fashion, etc. Footwear is one of the issues but we must take into account when investing in sportswear, since the right choice we avoid any number of physical disorders with positive our athletic achievements. The choice of footwear, to be based mainly on the type of sport you want to practice. Currently there are shoes to suit different circumstances generated by the practice of sports. We then for example, that in sports such as basketball, volleyball, paddle, etc to use the shoe sole will, at the height of the metatarsal marked circles.

Thus the support foot rotates to either side without much opposition, avoiding injuries, mild or severe, ankle, knees, hips, etc.

Most sports are generating impacts of varying magnitude that impact on our body, which is why the shoes should be fitted with what is known as "air chamber" acting as a buffer and at the base of the shoe at issue between the foot and the outer coating of the sole.

Mainly the camera is placed just above the bead to form an "air cushion" to absorb external shocks caused by sports activity.

Every brand prevailing market has patented a different model, so it is now appreciated air chambers in a single compartment or compartmentalized, allowing it to distribute the burdens gradually according to the position of the foot.

There are shoes with air chamber in the heel and the height of the metatarsal, which provides more comfort and versatility. Current technology has enabled some brands communication system patented as "dmx" thus allowing the camera to receive the impact that this move gradually in the air mass to the other chamber to produce a greater effect from "buffer".

The shoes you choose should allow adequate ventilation of the foot to avoid the effects of excessive perspiration, it must also adapt to walking and not walking shoes, and adjusted to it in tightly and securely, by means of cords or system Velcro adjustment does not hamper the proper blood circulation in the area and allowing in turn an internal mobility as explained in this article.

The materials which comprise the shoes are varied, namely, among others:

Uppers

* Textiles

* Synthetic "imitation leather"

* Cow leather

* Kangaroo leather

* Etc.

Outsole and midsole

* Rubber

* Polyurethane

* Eva single or double density

* Eva compressed

* Rubber

* Etc.