The topic “No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experiences to that field of study.” is an interesting and discussion oriented one. There are a number of cases where a group of men of same profession form a circle which denies the entry, either in person or ideas, from other fields. Is it worth avoiding them? Let us see this issue with the following illustrations. 

On the one hand, even highly complex fields of study like astronomy require the assistance of various other technical fields. For instance, the propulsion of a rocket to attain the desired path and velocity calls for integrating the mechanical, aerodynamic and automobile design professional’s experience and knowledge with that of the aerospace engineers. Without such integration, there could have been no development in space research. 

On the other hand, there are instances when excessive dependence on other fields might affect the output and nature of the work. For example, despite using several electronic and computer controlled sensors, the final output is not reliable unless it is inspected by a worker. Such is the case of Coca-Cola factory where workers are employed to inspect the quality of bottles despite the availability of numerous sensors which can be unreliable at times. 

But while thinking of developed fields which employ outsider’s knowledge, the ones that come to my mind is medicinal and agricultural science. Nanotechnology has created wonders in medicine that it is now used to cure cancer! Also it cannot be denied that the advancement in chemical industries like pesticides, fertilizers, etc caused a significant growth in agriculture.

 There are instances when knowledge and experience of outsiders are to be used limitedly. But there cannot be any field that develops without using outsider’s skills. Thus we can conclude that exacting the outsider’s skills to a particular field’s needs and implementing them will achieve significant progress.

Our Democratic system enshrines that every citizen should be given employment according to his taste and talent and be provided the basic condition of living. but we find that millions of the educated Peoples are unemployed.The educated and well - trained people are roaming in the streets in search of jobs. The unemployed people exceeds 200 millions.

Tragic Effects Of Unemployment:

Unemployment encourages dishonesty and patronizes corruption. An unemploymed man, loses confidence in himself., falls a victim to frustration and develops an inferiority complex. The fire of stomach can lead him to crime and corruption. He cannot maintain his dignity and self-respect. Thus unemployment is a great menace to nation's progress. It has forced some of the most talented Indian scientists to migrate to some foreign countries. it is responsible for our poor living standards and undernourishment of our children.

Different Types Of Unemployment:

Unemployment, in India, is of varying kinds and degrees. A large number of people are completely jobless. The registers of Employment Exchange tell us that every year 7,00,000 graduates are thrown in the unemployment market. They pass from street to street knocking at various offices from dawn to duskin search of petty jobs. but wherever they go, they are faced with the 'no vacancy' boards. Most of the people in this category are educated and belongs to urban areas. Only few of them get employed or accomodate themselves to the jobs not up to their liking.Not only the educated but also the uneducated people are unemployed. Its main reason is the fragmentation of land and application of machines in farms and factories. A large number of people with good and high qualifications are forced to accept jobs not compatible with their talent and calibre. Since they are not considered to be unemployed, accurate status in their case cannot be made available.

Causes Of Unemployment:

Many factor are responsible for accentuating this problem. The main cause of this problem is over population of the country. the present population of India is more than 85 crores and it is still increasing at an alarming rate. Whatever is achieved in terms of additional jobs is set to nought by freshhands seeking employment. Secondly, India is still an underdeveloped country. India is rich in natural resources, but they need exploitation. Thirdly, lack of technical education and vocational guidance along with a distaste for mannual labour is responsible for unemployement among the educated people. The defective system of education is responsible for such unemployment. Another cause is defective and old economic set-up of our country. The backwardness of our country is science, technology and industrial development is another cause of unemployment. Strike or lockout in mills and factories and natural diasters like flood., draught or warare other cause of unemployment.

Solution Of The Problem:

The solution of this problem lies in an equitable social order. The planners should draw real and concrete develeoped plans to absorb the educated youth of our country. Secondly, our education must be vocational and should be made job-oriented.. our own worker should be engaged in place of foreign technicians. Small-Scale Industries can play a vital role in removingunemployment. The government should provide credit facilities on easy terms., procure raw materials and offer marketting facilities to make small - scale industries a success. The growth of population should be effectively controlled. Attitude of people should also be changed. The upper-class people should be ready to work as tailors,weavers,cobblers etc. caste and creed should not be associated with work and means of livelihood. Reservation to certain percentage of jobs for the scheduled castes and schediled tribes should be ended.

Nobody can wuestion The stupendous nature of the problem of unemployment. Our government cannot shirk her duty of providing employment to every citizen. It is happy sign that our government has begun paying quick attention to this serious problem. it is expected that in the seventh five - year plan, there would be wmployment to several million people. our government is going to have some labour-intensive schemes, but for quick results, a bolder and healthier policy is needed. Young men should be inspired to initiate self-employment.

Why Children Fall In Bore Wells Cavities

There have been many incidents of children falling in the deep cavities of bore wells under construction. Kids of the laborers, working on the sites, usually end up as the victims in most of the cases. In other cases children roaming along hoards of animals for grassing fall in these unattended bores. Such cases happen one after another, yet, neither the law enforcing authorities nor the people connected with the bore well projects take any remedial or precautionary measures in order to avoid recurrence of such deadly incidents.

It appears as if everyone among authorities, common people like us from public and other social service NGOs wait for such incidents to happen for them to showoff their concern, sincerity, dedication and hard work by planning and implementing rescue operations. The media also do not waste time in reaching to the site and start telecasting live coverage of the rescue operations. We at our homes glue our eyes at the TV screens and follow the successive progress of the operations.

Such operations sometimes have happy conclusions whereas in some cases they end up in losses of lives of the victims. The entire activities by authorities, rescuers, media and the TV viewers meet an abrupt end when the activities at the site pack-up.  These incidents also happen and subsequently are forgotten by everyone including us.  The forget-it attitudes of all of us cap the assortment of problems closed to come out later when the lid is blown open. 

This is not the right way for dealing with the problems where the innocent lives are exposed to avoidable dangers just because of the negligence of the party who gets the bore-well drilled as well as the contractor who implements the drilling operations. Both of these two parties should be punished and the media should also cover the process of punishment for the public to learn lessons out of the legal proceedings.

In addition, the local authorities should also be held responsible for such incidents and should be instructed to keep vigil on proper safety measures taken by the drilling contractor and the client in whose land the drilling is conducted.

Before starting any bore-well drilling operations, some preparations should be made. The area around the spot for drilling a bore-well should be cordoned off before starting the operation and should be kept intact until the end of the operation and covering the cavity or fitting the motor-pumps and constructing the water outlet. There should be a clear display of warning for people to keep away from the site.

Do people get themselves tattooed only for cosmetic reasons? No, some of us may think like that, but there are many reasons and intentions behind this art of tattooing!

In different places and cultures, tattoos stand for different motives and send different messages. For someone they are marks of status and rank or decoration of bravery! While they are pledges of love or memories of loved ones for some. Religious people like to wear them to show their faith while some may have magical reasons!

While for all these it is a proud show, some may get tattooed as the mark of punishment, outcasts, slaves and convicts! Some people get tattooed to show the indication of their belonging to the specific groups. And these groups are not only criminal gangs but also some ethnic group or law-abiding subculture.

Some reasons of tattooing –

1. Identification:-  

We all know about Jews and the concentration camps during holocaust. In these camps, the Jews were forcibly tattooed so that they will be identified easily. This is the best example of identification system.

Group members are tattooed to identify their belonging to that group. Some Ma-ori still choose to wear intricate moko on their faces

Do you know that these tattoo pigments are buried deep enough in the skin? So these tattoos do not get destroyed by severe burns also.

So, many military members will have tattoos as an identification mark. These tattoos will be on their ribs. The tattoos are called known as “meat tags”.

The tattoos also help forensic pathologists in identifying burned, mutilated and rotten bodies.

2. Cosmetic:-

Tattooing is used as a permanent makeup. It is used to enhance your eyebrows, as a permanent liner or lipstick for your lips. Or it is used as eyeliner or even as a mole! Natural colors help these tattoos to look like make up!

Tattooing is also used to hide or reduce the effect of skin problems like discolorations.

Tattooing is very helpful to improve your appearance but it can be dangerous too! Sometimes iron oxide is used for these purposes. Later if you undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it can cause injury to you.

3. Medical:-

Medical tattooing has been used to pass on medical information about the wearer. Besides this tattoos could be used for covering hemangiomas (pink/red skin lesions also known as portwine stains), color changes in the lips after facial surgery, and masking themottled-skin appearance of vitiligo. Medical tattoos are used to ensure instruments are properly located for repeated application of radiotherapy and for the areola in some forms of breast reconstruction.

4. Tattooing in animals:-

We also tattoo the animals. Sometimes for decorative purpose, sometimes as identification mark. Horses, livestock, show animals and pets are some examples. The serial numbers are tattooed usually in the ear or on the inner thigh. The owners can easily identify their pets due to these marks.

In case of animals, tattoos are also used to avoid some kind of injuries. Like, they are tattooed on nose to avoid sunburns.

Branding is also similar kind of tattooing. The difference is that while tattooing ink or color is used. In branding no ink or color is used.

5. Protection:-

Protection is also one of the grounds for tattooing. In Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand many people wore a yantra tattoo. They believe that it protects them from evil and increases their luck!

Thus this art of tattooing is for everyone who has different reasons, motives. It is for a criminal who want to identify himself as well as for a young girl who just want to look more beautiful! They display your personal feelings for loved ones as well as hated ones!