We know that in Market a lot of Operating systems are available. Microsoft was the monopolist kings in  OS field for a long. Their Disk Operating System (MS DOS) caught early market. Then they introduced the MS Windows with more graphic facilities. A number of versions for the same came in OS market and some of them are still favourites of  some people. The latest version is Windows 7.

As a challenge to MS Windows there came Linux as a free operating System and is gaining market putting Microsoft in to trouble. Here I  give a very small information about that OS which even frightened the monopolies in IT World , Microsoft.

Linux is an Operating System originally developed by Linus Tolvalds. He was a student in Finland when he developed the operating system. Now this operating system is used in Super computers, servers, computers  , PDAs and so many more.

Linux had began as Minix. Actualyy Minix  was an educational version of Unix. The developer of Minix was Andrew Tannenbaum. Linux grew as a cheap UNIX that ran on Intel based Personal Computers. Unix was not free software on that days.

Actually Linux is Just an OS kernel produced under the direction of Linus Tolvalds. Linux comes with a set of utilities like web servers and compilers. It has the GNU C compiler namely GCC. But we may confuse because Linux has more than one versions.

Many organisations collected versions of all the programs with Linux kernel . Then it was tested again to know the working  condition. If it works well it is released and is called a distribution of Linux. The main Linux distributions at present are RedHat , SUSE ,  Linux Mandrake , Knnopix , Ubuntu , Debian etc. According to the choice of the user any one of this distribution can be used.

 

 

 

St : Sir, We use to say there are two major divisions hardware and software in computer studies, could you please explain me about this in detail?

Te : Sure Kanna, I’ll explain you.

As you said hardware and software are two major sections in computer studies and they are closely inter-connected and inter-related with each other.

I feel I shall explain it with an analogy for your better understanding

Let us take an example of a car.

Driving the car is an activity

Assembling, designing and servicing a car is another activity

We call a person one who drives as DRIVER

We call a person one who services a car as CAR MECHANIC

Similarly, Designing, Assembling and Servicing a computer is hardware engineering and a person one who does this activity is HARDWARE ENGINEER

And making a computer to do some useful work by way of writing computer programs is called as software engineering and a person one who does this activity is SOFTWARE ENGINEER

So if you want to compare this with the car analogy Assembling and servicing the car is identical to Hardware Engineering and Driving the car is identical to software engineering

St : Sir, could you say, Among these two sections which is more valuable and worth to study?

Te : Actually Kanna, each and every branch of study has its own value and merit.

We cannot comment that this is valuable and this is not valuable and we cannot compare the two branches of study directly.

As I said earlier both the branches are closely inter-connected, inter-related and inter-dependent upon each other and one is useless without the other.

But here I would like to point out a statistical information, regarding the monetary benefits. Some higher positions in software industry pay much more than the hardware industry.

But this information should not be mis-understood for degrading the value of hardware engineering. It has its own value and merit and there is an excellent growth in hardware industry also.

St : Sir, If one wishes to learn computer, which division he/she should opt for hardware or software?

Te : A computer learner must learn both hardware and software.

But specialization can be done in any one of the branch according to the preference of the student.

St : Sir, Is it not compulsory that one should learn both hardware and software to be good computer professional.

Te : Of course Kanna, one should learn both hardware and software.

Again I will illustrate this point with the same car example, so that you shall understand what is the significance of both the branches of study.

To be continued...

Computer is the most wonderful achievment of science. Genral people cannot understand what type of thing it is. The most impossible work which is out of the approach of human mind is done by the computer. Now a days the computer is found in every office. The most axact calculation can be made in no time with the help of the computer. The weather forecast, medical diagonosis and missile control are also made by the computer. ROBBOT is also operated by the computer. Robbot is also a miraculous invention of science. It dose all the works which a man can do. Sometimes it dose the work which comman man cannot do. The coputer has been very much popular and useful now a days. But its story is very old. In 3000 B.C. Abcus found a machanical device for addition and subtraction of any digit and number. In 1671 Leibnizs found a calculator that could perform a multiply and division. In 1804 Joseph jackward, a frech scientist developed a loop. In 1833 Charles Babbage was the another genious in the history of computer who made a machine called DIFFERETIAL ENGINE. This machine could calculate any type of mathematical equation. Charles Babbage is known as the 'FATHER OF COMPUTER'. In INDIA bhabha atomic research center invented in 1979, such a hand which could work on singal. In 1980, HYDERABAD science society tired to make robbot. In 1983, this society made a 'child robbot the third' I.B.S. Company, Banglore made a micro-computer for domestic work and about 16 thousand to 32 thousand words may be stored in its memory. The computer is a rectangular television like structure. It has also a screen like T.V. screen on which we can see and read whatever we require. There is a key-board. The key-board is an instrument through which we operate the computer. Its structure is like a type writer machine. Through key board, file is prepared or something is set in the memory of the computer. The another instrument is a printer. Whatever we set in the memory of the computer or the file which we prepare, may be had in the printed from through printer. The other instruments are C.P.U, mouse, etc. The computer may be divided in two ways- 1. On the basic of function and 2. On the basis of size. On the basis of function it has two kinds- a) software and b)hardware. On the basis of size it is divided into a)micro computer b) mini computer c) super computer. The utility of the computer is very wide. It is used in almost all the areas:- business, education, angineering, medical and scientific research. Its functioning is very quick and exact. In life insurence corporation or bank, computer are in frequent use. The computer can do the work of so many people and so many people and so many days in one day. The computer is no doubt a very useful instrument. It is perhaps the climax of the scientific achievement. It has its own importance in the development in the human race. But in India, a highly populated country, it reduces the job opportunity. A computer dose the work of many people in one day. So many people remain unemployed. The scope and function of the computer should be developed so that it may work even in the agriculture field. It may also be operated by the peasants and farmers of the villages. Proper training should be given to the common people. The computer should come out of the offices to the field.

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