Before we know about the phases of compiler,we must know waht is compiler.
Compiler :
Compiler is a simple program which reads a program written in one language (i.e., High Level Language (or) Source Language) and it translates to an equivalent target program (i.e., Low Level Language).
Now we are going to know what are the different phases of compilers.
Phases of Compiler:
Compiler consists of 2 phases.
1.Analysis Phase
2.Synthesis phase
1.Analysis Phase :
Analysis Phase performs 3 actions namely
a)Lexical analysis - it contains a sequence of characters called tokens.Input is source program & the output is tokens.
b)syntax analysis - input is token and the output is parse tree
c)Semantic analysis - input is parse tree and the output is expanded version of parse tree
2.Synthesis Phase :
Synthesis Phase performs 3 actions namely
d)Intermediate Code generation - Here all the errors are checked & it produce an intermediate code.
e)Code Optimization - the intermediate code is optimized here to get the target program
f) Code Generation - this is the final step & here the target program code is generated.