Introduction:
Food is a substance that can be metabolized by an animal for energy and tissue-build. It provides conceptual stimulus for thinking. Food security is a prevailing context of a euphemistic expression when all individuals have physical and economic manifestation to good nutritious stew for dietetic restrictions of a regulated daily food allowances and food predilections for a sanitized and healthy life.
Hunger is a psychological need for food pulling out of the consequences of food deprivation. Food insecurity is the anxiety of food you experience when you feel defenseless and insecure about availability of food substances. Food insecurity causes by major changeable factors such as prolonged shortage of rainfall, shipping disturbances, unavoidable pilferage, economic and political disequilibrium and armed conflict against an enemy. It creates a pristine state of long-lasting, recurrence and long suffering constituent of protracted hunger. According to “Food and Agriculture organization”, four pillars of food security are availability, utilization, access and stability.
Right to food:
Right to food is a subset of right-to-life for full lawful protection of embryos and fetuses especially opposition to the legalization of induced abortions. Right-to-food is an elementary right to freedom to which all human beings engaged with and in whose exercise a government may not interfere including human rights to life and liberty as well as freedom of thought and expression and equality before law. Right to food is just an imperious need for conducting an indispensable function in the living body. Food is the manifestation and characteristic of life for life-sustaining organs.
Restriction of exportation, panic in stock market, US dollar decrease in value of an asset due to obsolescence, increased use of fuel derived from organic matter, non use of fossil and nuclear fuel, deprivation of farm land to residential and post-industrial and progressive expansion, growing consumer demand in goods and services are perceived to have compelled price-rise. There are ritualistic presentation of these stated price-rise proposals and the opposition to it.
Measurement:
In 2006, across many countries, public-act of violence by an obstreperous mob for food created a state of disorder which disturbs the civic peace. Numerous analysts are considered food security as the most purposeful phenomena which can abruptly change especially having sufficient ingredients to sustain a chain reaction of the masses. Food insecurity advances to food riots. Food security is a multifaceted subject with a set of variations constituted from a conceptual whole made up f complicated and related chain reactions. Food security makes it a representation of hilly ground between theories and phenomena. Food security originates from Cartesian product of two or more related reactions.
Food security value for the scale of measurement produces a series of observed facts; that can reveal changes as a function of time. Calculations of foods are made in the area of a calorie basis which indicates overall caloric content of foods. Food security indicators, compose from an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite food security entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from attached system of being a part of something, especially part of the physical structure which constituent food accessibility, which questioned the adequacy of human understanding profit from experience. The discourse that surrounds financial and procedural demands of collecting and psychoanalyzing food security to determine its interpretation sets out the set of facts of circumstances that surround a situation and local concept on the accumulation of knowledge from sincere participation of an event as apprehended. Many a times, these deductions shows an abstract part of something inconclusive determined in relation to something that holds the process of individual food security growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in a living organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level.
Double-dyed financial emergency:
In 2013, the price of the rupee is sliding downwards leading to an environment of budgetary and economic crisis. It has the intention through stiff price hike to a sense of food insecurity among citizens. Considering the advent of open-market and unstructured world of moneymaking activities depreciation of rupee against dollar is most frequent. The Indian government was controlling the depreciation and appreciation of rupees before 1965. Major fiscal crisis hurts India’s treasury bench owing to the 1965 war. No country came forward to assist in India of these double-dyed financial emergency circumstances at that given time. India resists impulse had to reach to the door steps of a United Nations agency to promote trade by increasing the exchange stability of the major currencies (International Monetary Fund) and a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member governments (World Bank) for borrowing of rupees that was very apparent.
It was a hasty unforeseen crisis involving danger of a black hole in debts that require immediate actions. Towards the end of 1980s, the political and fiscal situation was hopelessly placed. It takes nameless in decision-making spheres and thus resulted in growing dissatisfaction and decreased industrial productivity. Ration of quantity and quality units expected to the labor unit per time abbreviates to a greater extent of gradual decline in industrial productivity and activity. India was deep-necked in debts, and no ally was willing to lend helping hand. Suddenly, foreign currency deposits in India sliding downwards and it made almost impossible to reimburse debts. It could have become discreditable position for India. During these times of uncertainty, India was selling its gold deposits to Central Bank of London and Switzerland in return of debt guarantee.
Double edged sword:
India had to borrow money from “International Monetary Fund” (IMF). IMF puts forward few conditions for refinements of current state of the economy. Two major conditions are of opening of the Indian economy to foreign market and further depreciation of rupees. Till-to-that day the economy of India was restricted one and foreign companies have tougher times to enter into India. Denationalization of market policy is a double edged sword. As a country, you cannot control the state of the economy. Economy and financial rise and fall are depended on other nations.
On the first and third of July, 1991, rupee was depreciated twice to suit the condition of IMF and World Bank. It reduces the elementary value of rupees further. In August 6, 1991, then government announced budgetary policy of multinational companies and industrial houses in business within India with ease regulations and favorable price conditions. During those time, the exchange rates of the dollar to rupee was minimal and immediate burden on rupees was not there. Anticipated course of time with the advent of more and more industrial house and making benefits from Indian market, they begin transferring their benefits to their own country and further weakening fiscal situation of India.
After so many years, the pressures from the IMF and World Bank are practically zero on India’s financial market. Now, multinational companies are not bound by laws and regulations of India, for it they are pouring many products into India market due to presence of large scale middle class who can spend money, and they are transferring benefits to their own country and thus creating an imbalance of profit and loss within India. India cannot oblige those companies to practice their benefits within the Indian environment and this makes economic imbalances and leads to fiscal instability. It makes disparity of import and export within India and it is pressurizing economic situations further.
Parallel economy:
Multinational companies are selling imported products and taking away benefits to indigenous countries, and it is showing as sort of creepy scale import as compared to lesser export. Multinational companies (MNCs) are bound by universal laws so Indian laws cannot restrict import regulations and tariffs to these companies. It is mitigating its pace of development and increasing inflation further. In inflation, everything becomes valuable except money. Black marketers are buying huge gold to convert black money to white. Arising from the advent of parallel economy, the major economy is receiving jolts and is reeling under cancerous inflation. It is affecting the commonplace man and sense of insecurity of foods is on the rise.
Due to high inflation, people are not taking debts; they are trying to buy more gold in order to free themselves from ever fluctuating rupee conditions. People are buying gold to preserve their savings from inflation. Owing to the advent of modern times and purchasing capacity of large scale of population, use of more petroleum products is hurting national treasuries. Most of petroleum products are now imported and this is creating a challenging situation as most of overseas currencies are engaged in buying of petroleum products. The economic and financial market of United States of America is declining further, multinational companies which have been in India since 1991, are incurring hefty losses in the United States of America. They are selling India shares in order to compensate their losses. In this way, profits from Indian market are slowly entering into US markets.
Slowly, profits from here are compensating losses for US and it is making dual losses for India. In reality, considering the huge buying power of the middle classes, most MNCs are still making colossal profits in Indian soils. Sadly, but true. Those profits are not yielding benefits to native citizens of India. Those are transferred to US citizens by their companies. All these are yielding huge losses, and rising with inflation. Food items are becoming costly and raising awareness among citizens about cost factors are imminent all over society. In the recently concluded general election price rise and inflation are two essential elements for the defeat of the oldest party in India.
Conversion tax:
How to control rising inflation of foods and essential commodities? Experts believe, inflation figures which are there are far worse that it is shown. Food inflation is at all time extreme, even higher than partition times. All these are making deeper crisis and many economists feel there is an urgent need for restriction of privatization of fiscal institutions. Numerous multinational companies are utilizing these loop holes in order to find an apt approach out in attending business successes here. It is urgent to time to implement “conversion tax” on multinational companies. They are converting rupees into dollars and sending them to their native country and thus weakening economic and financial situations of India to a considerable extent. India should impose conversion tax on those companies who are dubiously implementing rupee to dollar conversion and thus get relief from all these pseudo-financial practices. Conversion tax will reduce the amount of heat money which is transferred from places to places in order to get maximum benefits from conversions of currency.
Tiger law:
An elongated state of food insecurity can lead to a high degree of dissatisfaction among citizens. It is the worst state to live in happily and cordially. If this continues for a supplemental period of time, this can add miseries to the state. It can reach to the state of “tiger law”. It leads to powerless politicians, which can lead to lack of law and jurisdictions. The basic nature of a state is to present a peaceful environment all around with a sound judicial system and equitable distribution of peace and wealth among all. The role of the state is to form a sound judicial and legal system. It can only be presented at a peaceful environment. In the current state of affairs, every decision-making procedure is backed by red-tapisms and dalliance. The transfer of files which contains welfare measures of people at large for their enviable food security program can be entangled with each other and causing further delay in reaching to real people who are dying for foods. Administrators and officials have taken the huge chunk of money before it reached a real person. In actual, the welfare policies are good but their implementation of real people on the ground is not so correct. We have to eliminate these gaps so as to make this process speedier and faster.
Secretaries are in charge of administrative decision making and implementations are always found to be wanting owing to their subjective desire to have a good job in post retirement scenarios. This reduces the process of impartiality and this is showing in the grounds where numerous decisions are falling apart owing to utter discordance on the part of educated officials. True and honest officials are sacrificed and posted at different location and even falsely implicated from time to time owed to their honesty and integrity. They want to implement policies and want these to reach actual people. All these are their faults and they have been punished from corrupt political bosses.
The entire system of food distribution seems to be ragged and cluttered with numerous holes. It seems there is hardly any light at the end of tunnel. Various philosophers are questioning this state of law. They feel we are moving towards “tiger law” as described by T.H. Huxley in his book “tiger-law”. Are we moving towards “jungle law” powered by “might be right” as described by Thomas Hobbes? With stiff price hike of essential food items such as rice, dal, potatoes, green chilies and salts, it has become difficult for poor to spend money for their livelihood.
State of anarchy and discordance?
Are we moving towards a scenario where people of the state go fight with each other for foods? Then we could be moving to the state of anarchy and discordance where everyday there could be fights between citizens of foods and money. Shopping malls and the splendid culture as capital do not show all these pathetic situations of food and scarceness among poor and unintelligent. India is not at Delhi but at KBK region (Kalahandi, Bolangir and Koraput district of Odisha) of Odisha as well as, undeveloped regions where there is no light of happiness ever reached even after 65 years of independence. In these holidays’ times, people should visit these places, and see the genuine sense of poverty by watching the state of health of toddlers.
There has been ample money and policies spinner around all these areas in the name of development and uplifting, but sadly there is hardly any such improvement at the ground level. People are still eating grasses and have to stay hungry most of the times in the day. There have been many schemes for free foods, but sadly all these have been taken by middle-men who are powered by local politicians and influential people. These three districts of KBK region of Odisha are abundant with natural environments and many rare foods. All these are in control of provincial business mafia and they are protected by influential politicians. All these are imported to diverse countries and the benefits go only to some as no one can raise a voice against them. Native tribes are mostly uneducated and never have seen the external world at any point in time. They want to stay with nature, but most of these times, wood mafia is cutting valuable trees for making costly doors and wooden items.
They break mud houses for them and they had to reach some additional place in order to find their livelihood. This creates insanity and bad proposition and it leads to an irreplaceable aspect of food insecurity. Democracy empowers people for their liberty and identity, it empowers them to have a right to live and food, but in reality the custodians of democracy are destroying the basic tenets of joyful living by persuading themselves in corrupt and undesirable practices.
The jungle state:
The main purpose of the law of the land is to provide universal access to the legal system to all citizens irrespective of cast, creed and religions. Every citizen should understand the duties of government to cater rights of citizens to people. Governments cannot obstruct basic right to live and food to its citizens. It is the role and responsibility of theirs to protect and preserve the elementary rights of theirs. A foremost objective of a successful democracy is to function for an equitable distribution of goods among all segments of people.
Elementary work of a state is to bestow social security and citizen’s security. Good and honest rules can perform welfare for the masses by removing the fear of food insecurity from their mind. In retrospective, we can find most of times, politics have taken prime role for sloganeering of removal of poverty and many politicians have reached power and enjoy it as the result of votes from poor but sadly they forget them when it matters the most, they stay blind-eyed to their impending problems. Internal terrorism such as naturalism, Maoism is rocking hinterlands and obstructing the developments among these underdeveloped areas. They are capturing schools, hospitals and other development areas and students are unable to reach schools and they are forced to join these insurgent groups.
These anti-social groups in the name of foods and underdevelopment are utilizing their force and might to make them poorer. All these lead to a state of “jungle state” which runs only by nature. There are many places in India where one can find self-ruled jungle-state and there is no reach of democracy. All these have been done in the name of food and development. So called civil societies are supporting all these anti social elements. Which is creating a deeper sense of misnomer among different segment of masses? It is hurting democracy. On the long run, due to corrupt government officials as well as partial civil society members, the welfare of the masses is hurting badly.
Food for thought:
No one is wondering and worrying about all these short falls. There are polite and honest politicians who aim at developing basic life styles of people at large. But all these have been marred through the senses of politics of secularism and castes. Many policies are announced for the welfare of village people. In reality all, these are not implemented in real time. For the last five years, politicians forget them, and general election is hardly four months away, politicians are running towards their vote bank and now they are preparing to build durable houses. Some elderly people who have seen such amazing political gimmick also hope fully that some concrete actions would be taken this time as the climate of politics is slowly changing towards the term of progress and empowerment of the masses.
They are receiving rice and foods in the name of the topical horrific "Phailin" storm, though in reality most of their locality have never ever affected by these rags of cyclones. For the last four years, people of that locality have been demanding for honest distribution of foods in control ration, but sadly those issues are deaf-heard by authorities. Now, the trend is changing due to electioneering time and people are contented that they are getting foods even if they are not demanding for it. Some elders feel that elections should be yearly so that politicians would think for food security of the masses for all the time in 365 days in a year.
Food insecurity is a relative permanent state of worry occurring in a variety of mental disorders creating out of food buying decisions, out from household financial gain acquiring over a given period of time, for quantity and quality of the process of taking food into the body through the mouth through the extreme end of food security scale. Having preponderance of malnourished within citizens, uncertain accessibility of acceptable intellectual nourishment composed of sociable people to bestow examples of nutrients that can be almost food-less.
Causes of food insecurity:
Droughts, conflicts, high rate of population growth, poverty, fragile ecosystems, exclusive dependence on agriculture are prominent underlying causes of food insecurity. Poverty and food insecurity is interconnected. In the initial stages of food insecurity, alleviation of poverty can reduce the fear of food insecurity. Subsequently, broad practical policies on creating large scale food production analogous to lines of the green revolution will enable additional buffer stock and these can eliminate food insecurity. Buffer stock will be a societal safety net for food security. Floods are the most brutal catastrophe from nature. For countless days, water logged jam into fields and destroys crops. Administrators incompetent to reach those faraway lands, and aid in removing waters from agricultural fields could not reach these destinations on time.
Droughts have taught various lessons to farmer communities. They are coping with late rain, advance rain and no rain and they are trying to evaluate and innovate various ways to recuperate with different and diverse rain situations. They travel to various locations in order to avoid fury of rain and floods. They kept their grains in safe houses and those houses are done especially from far away distances of water logging. Pastorals know the regions where herds of animals need to be gazed in order to find suitable grasses. They have different plans for grazing fields in different locations in considering aspects of season and water logging. Due to increase of population equilibrium in creating such goals is slowly receding. Larger scale urbanization is resulting from cutting of trees and soil erosion which create havoc during extreme rainfall, and it leads to a spiral of environmental degradation and continuing desertification.
Internally displaced persons:
Conflicts are an extreme situation and there are no hard and fast times for its cessation. Common man affected most through conflicts situations and the real impact is on food insecurity. Civil conflicts are internal conflicts inside the state where different races or religions people fight with each other. It becomes extremely difficult for people to cope with all these situations. It creates massive refuges and large scale internally displaced persons (IDP). It owes heavy burden on government of the day. People move from their native villages and stay in refugee camps. Their agricultural fields and homes are destroyed and there are very few reasons for them to get back to their native lands. In case of civil conflicts, people left their land in fear due to the advent of “jungle raj” and their lands and homes acquired by powerful persons and they are left crutches homeless.
It creates less agricultural productivity. It leads to more food insecurity. It gives more work load to women and in consequence of this they have become weaker. A weak woman power is bad for society. Trans-boundary conflicts are serious and it creates extreme food insecurity and fear of life. Women and children are the most vulnerable. They left to stay in open in refugee camps and supplies of foods into those camps are hardly sufficient due to the fear of fungibility of funds to different anti-social activities. Uninterrupted growth and conflict prevention lead to a stronger food security environment. Collisions whether trans-boundary or internal does affect heavily to citizens, creating large scale reductions of bumper crops and fear of loss of life.
Population growth and population dynamics:
Rise of population is attributed to illiteracy and different blind believes. In some part of Earth people believe using contraception is against religion. This makes more population and fewer lands to live. More and more people advent to cultivate fields, and build a home there. It reduces the capacity of farm lands and agricultural output. Due to extreme population growth, population dynamics in these regions become out of control. It increases the demand for food production, but due to wastage of farm lands, basic production capacity slowly reduces to a bare minimum. In some parts of Africa, cases of HIV/AIDS are at astronomically high figures.
Most of working class males and females are affected with it. This reduces working capacity of young mass and thus affects directly to productivity of foods. It weakens farmers to work in the field. It destroys the power of the farmer to plough on these fields. Due to the advent of modernization and loss of agricultural lands, rural youths migrate to urban in search for jobs and employments. Due to shrinking land resources, rural youths are no longer, able to cope with the incessant loss of agricultural productivity. When food insecurity strikes, it is the rural people who are the most susceptible.
Natural resources:
Natural resources are Lord given treasures for human society. It consists of arable and rain fed cultivated land fields. It gives food security to humans. There are numerous reasons for destruction of arable and rain fed cultivated lands. Environmental degradation is directly proportional to poverty. A good and vibrant environment eradicates poverty through continuous supply of abundant agricultural products. Continuous cultivation is expected to result in a decline in productivity capacity and soil erosion. Due to diverse natural and artificial factors, soil erosion from cultivated farm lands causes decline productivity factors. It reduces agricultural productivity and profits for farmers.
Slowly, farmers leave farming job to migrate to urban areas. In this way, bumper production of food grain decreases drastically. With mass scale environmental exploitation degrading common property resources, abundant of food resource production found wanting. Scheduled to soil erosion, lands stocking suitable for grazing live stock wasted. Drought, famine and floods change characteristic of lands. It reduces greenery due to change in different environmental conditions. Cycle of marginal rainfall creates environmental degradation. It affects animals and humans. It reduces range land productivity and affects directly to feeding of grazing animals. It affects animal nutrition and thus affects animal productivity.
In many countries, sweet water comes from trans-state rivers. In case of no conflict zone, shared water resources can become usable for all countries. It reduces tension and conflicts in diverse spheres. Shared water resources avoid collisions. It makes biological climatic factors and reduces desertification. Thus, it preserves range and cultivated lands through irrigation. It makes a perfect balance for bio-diversity. It reduces water infiltration and decreases run off soil erosion. It creates a perfect balance for eco-system of environmental up gradation by lowering the influence of system resilience to erratic rainfall. It reduced poverty and food insecurity. Food security saves valuable life.
The importance attached with life:
There are millions of examples of parents selling their child in order to obtain an appropriate state of food security. Recently one unexpected and curious happening occurred in the state of Italy which gives the description of value attached to human life. For parents with children is their most valuable diamond ever thinks of. Parents preserved ashes of their 20 years old son perpetually preserved by converting his ashes to diamond. The ashes of his son sent to Switzerland to compress and make this gem stone. This signifies the importance attached with life. Food is life and lack of food can prove catastrophe for a nation.
There are numerous factors for the colossal loss of agricultural production. The level of technology attached with cultivation varies from places to place. It differs from aerated land to drought prone lands. Owing to the advent of high scale machinations in and around the land area, the technology of all these process needs to be properly understood by farmers in order to gain from technological excellence. Regions with higher potential where the rainfall is absolutely high and sufficient, technology used there is different from the completely other side of rainfall areas. There are bad marketing strategies for agriculture technologies and from here basic understanding of functions seem to be lacking in most of these industries.
There is hardly any advertising of such products in native newspapers as well as electronic media news channels. It is pretty difficult to understand why such misguided misconception that agriculture products are generic and thus it need not be sold as it would be taken by wanting farmers. Agriculture is the most researched subject of the world and there are copious innovations and advantages have been discovered but most of it is sealed in areas where only technical professional can only take advantage of these. Most farmers are illiterate or half-literate and for them to understand the rudimentary process and suitable attachment of these machinery in farming objectives seems difficult. There are provisions from government of the day to train them at appropriate forums and make them available in subsidy in machinery products, but all these are seems like stars in a gigantic universe.
Reduction of farmland and farmers:
Countless private industries are producing large scale farming machinery, but sadly they are not training end users and forgetting corporate social responsibilities in these processes. Owing to all these impractical availability of aids, most farmers are living at the edge of subsistence and had to bear the sense of food insecurity all the time. This reduces farming capacity of their as well as basic zeal to go ahead with farming. It seems their offspring are no longer absorbed in their family traditions and they are leaving these in order to find better earning opportunities in urban areas. Owing to illiteracy, they have no knowledge about contraception and their family becomes huge. Slowly, sustenance within their family becomes a gigantic problem and it becomes a complicated for them to manage their families. Owing to size of their family, the farmlands are becoming smaller after divisions through brothers and it becomes worse after this. They are uninformed of hybrid seeds and fertilizer in high rainfall areas where even a small stretch of land can have a high degree of productivity.
They have no knowledge about all these cultivation mechanisms and slow output goes to lower down level. It becomes an understandable reason where there is no profit, slowly that the process comes to halt and that becomes part and parcel of many farmers. Then, they trapped into local rich persons who lend them money for purchase of seeds, and loss make them defaulter to them and slowly they have to sell farming land to them and ultimately the burden of loan is so huge that they have to end their precious life in order to go away from such untimely and stiff economic and financial situations. After grabbing farm lands, richer person sells those lands to industries who construct cement structures and modernization artifacts. This reduces farm land and farmers. This has straightforward implications on the level of food production. It makes food insecurity among the masses and this lead to a permanent problem as slow farm lands are being permanently extinguished from the world.
Horns of Africa:
Farm lands are not created in a day. It takes generations to produce such lands and slowly these lands become conversant in food productions. When such lands are sold to actual estate mafias, they make tall cement structures and thus it permanently erases producing capacity and turns these lands in to barren fields. There are farmers who farm in low intensity zones where inter and intra-year rainfall are passing beyond any such expectation. Here, how to utilize existing water capacity in order to produce maximum is the strategy that is intended to be followed. Here, the singular aim of farming is to risk minimization of dividends. There are very scarce systematic and research materials available in these high risk productivity areas. Here, low perceived profitability can be stress emulator for farmers to leave farming. Here, the most prominent is the nature of soil, and in most cases, soils can be changed to suit more to hold water for longer time and the harvesting and tillage system needs to be done in different way in order to have a longer stay of water inside soil as well as soil water hold age system.
Here, all crops cannot be farmed, as specialized crops of agro-forest reason as well as crops from different variety which can hold water in a strong manner would be ample enough to implement these processes. There are many areas of Africa where only six percentages of land can be well cultivated, and from all these areas, there are only one percentages of land are perennially aerated, still there are some innovative methods are in application in these lands which gives boost to farming productivity. There are many lessons need to be learnt from the farm lands of “horns of Africa” where modern farming technologies are successfully implemented.
Live stock security:
Livestock is one other aspect of food security which is being severely misguided by research scientists. Pastorals are age old family oriented professions and it shifts from generations to generations and they have a unique style of controlling pastors. There is hardly any help from the government to these pastors, who hardly get any medical and insurance benefits. They are vulnerable to many diseases anticipated exposing nature of their profession in going to different jungle lands for grazing of herds and animals. They never demand anything from government, and after 1990s, there are hardly any laws from the government to look after them in the whole some manner. There have been countless researches on the kind of new species of animals, but sadly, all these seem to be reaching noting, due to the advent of controversies and legal petitions.
Some competent scientists have in their lifetime researched for hybrid products of these animals. There is hardly any research on creating fresh and innovative grazing fields which can grow in minimal intensity land areas. There are no such benefits for industry owners from all these initiations and for these there are not even any such interest and sponsors from private industries. All these lead to a lesser number of pastors and it affects and hurts animals mostly. This makes reduce number of eatable animals such as goats and chickens. This creates severe health for animals and transferred to humans who consume them. It makes food insecurity and a wholesome distressing situation for animals. Compared to 50 years back, now there are hardly any such pastors’ communities inside villages.
Live stock farming is the best investment option:
In the British Raj, administrators looked to these communities in suspicion due to their roaming from place to place. In some places, they were called traitors. Still they survived from these entirely onslaughts from those administrators. Sadly, even now, in independent India they are struggling to find their place, due to the advent of self-oriented private business houses as well as negligence from government. Most provincial and state government is concerned about their vote-banks which is non-existent from pastors owed to them no lasting living places. In most places there is being looked at suspicion and they have no everlasting residence places, as they move with cattle and herds from place to place where there will be sufficient grasses for their cattle.
They work mostly in the fragile environment where, implementation of a proper technology expertise seems to be non-existence. Many a times, technology expert finds challenging to attend shifting ecological balance and how to cope with all these changing circumstances. There is hardly any scope for genetic up gradation and fattening of animals to survive stiff climatic conditions due to non availability respectable living standards of animals. Animals are affected with diseases and this reduces their productivity and creates food insecurity among animals farmers.
According to various economists live stocks are the best investment but surprisingly many industries fail to capitalize on this underrated investment. Unpredictable rainfall has direct impact on animal nutritional factors. Successful animal health program deals with eradication of least rainfall areas and creating a cleaner environment for animals to live, can be a wonderful investment for those who can afford them. Livestock is still preferred by a substantial part of the population and creating good and strong live stock units can prove to be a better life environment for food security.
A real life case study:
In the outskirts of Puri, a vast area of grass lands can be seen and it is acquired by a person who has left a priceless professional salaried job to start the business of live stock. This is not clearly known in many parts of India, but natives of here now, the value importance attached to his profession. Within a span of five years, he is exporting live stock and has been sending live stocks to different part of India. He first bought a vast array of land at the outskirt of Puri in give away price as no one is prepared to spend a penny on these lands. Then, he builds his home there and then a gigantic area of goat farming.
He developed best quality goats and an immeasurable area of modern technology in making the entire area cleaner and introduced some of rare hybrid technology by managing subsidies from government through local politicians. Now, he sends goat meat to famous meat shops in India as well as the world. He introduced innovative live stock farming, by going to different part of News Zealand and learning their trade secrets. He implements different hybrid technologies in order to produce healthier species as well as methodical way for a cleaner environment. In this approach, he creates food security for the masses through sufficient live stock production.
It all is possible owing to greater access of infrastructure in and around areas of Puri, and this makes sufficient solutions for farming community to utilize communication mediums for proper distribution channels. Exceptional communication network is the better solution in times of crisis. Recently, Phailin super cyclone struck in and around of Odisha, but the effect of it in Puri is superb due to the existence of robust telecommunications, roads, and 24-hour electricity and health care systems. All these are showing greater improvement in sustenance of food security and preserving stronger life in years to come here.
Access to modern health care system:
This is about a situation, where people are living in “horns of Africa” where most of their times are engaged in doing menial job of collecting water and foods. There is hardly the reach of government in those areas and social service groups is still finding their way to reach those far away hinterland areas. Due to all these external factors in these parts of the population have hardly any time to think outside the box to produce farming to help and grow food security. They have to wander here and there from far away jungles as hoards and find animals and hunt them for food.
They have hardly access to any such contemporary health services. Children are the most susceptible to diseases and infant mortality rate goes on high percentages owing to deficient of the food security program. Health care and proper attendance for a cleaner environment adds value to a decorous and deemed health services. Women in their reproductive ages suffer from anemia owing to food insecurity. It adds exceptionally high rate of maternal mortality. Owing to less and contaminated water children suffer from measles, internal parasites and typhoid. It makes raises infant mortality to the maximum extent.
Food insecurity depends upon peripheral and internal factors. Internal factors consisting of performance of government in dealing with the implementation of numerous welfare measures, a long stretch of policy paralysis, insipid performance in economic measures can spell greater significance on food insecurity of citizens. The global environment can have deep stretch influence on food insecurity due to the advent of numerous agreements such as trade facilitation and price of petroleum products. There are countries which have grown substantially in the last three decades have seen no such development in food security parameters all around population. There has been consciously created advance growth areas in which economic growth and benefits go straight to industries and there are many remote places where there is no such direct communication mediums the sincere feeling of growth there is nowhere seen.
Inflation:
Most of the times in order to meet adequate food security some government have reduced the gap between decision making and proper implementation and good condition of rule of law and direct participation of people in connecting government give way for additional form of visible satisfaction of goal towards achieving food security. This makes the sense of satisfaction of people that their government is working towards achieving a minimum need to meet the goal of food security. It reflects the sense of humanitarian and development assistance to the common man who always seeks the sense of virtual satisfaction from the development agendas of governments.
Conclusion:
Even those countries which saw growth in metro areas, still there are plenty of signs for a complete degradation of life in bucolic and semi urban areas. All these create economic disparity and growing sense of anonymity among ordinary citizens of the state. Food security deals with love and life and this makes natural disagreement and disenchantment among citizens when costs of elementary food items go to sky rocketing heights. It makes sense of the dire situation due to non availability of everyday food items in fair prices. Numerous governments have a decent food security policy as well as guidelines to encompass fair live saving mechanisms, but there is a gigantic gap between proper implementation in policies and practical injection to the field units.
Whatever nature of rapid population growth in marginal areas, misguided development programs in agriculture and rural development reflecting failure of strategies to the adoption of a comprehensive strategies to allow people to broaden their economic opportunities in eliminating food insecurity to make life intrinsically difficult in a shrinking and degraded resource base. The scale and depth of food insecurity at the international community goes for registration measures for meeting security goals, in the greater devolution of responsibility of people to ease the process of adjustment to the globalization to embark on long term development activities despite repeated efforts to religious themselves and their policies.