An industry needs a suitable area for its location. Good transport system, adequate supplies of raw materials, electricity, fuels and man power are all looked for before an industry is set up. Taxes, labor laws and other laws in the region should be supportive. Adequate capital needs to be invested. The climate should be suitable too. Good educational and medical facilities should be available in the neighborhood. The government wanting to encourage industrialization usually ensures that all these facilities are available.
If a country has to achieve a balanced development, the government has to create conditions that will make it possible. It is the responsibility of the government to distribute development activity. This is why government identifies some area, develop them and locate suitable industries. Governments identify locations with an adequate supply of raw materials; promote market places and a transport system to encourage industrialization.
Industries are now experiencing an increase in computerization. This happens with the help of thousands of people who hold shares in a company. Earlier, many industries were government-controlled, but they are being steadily privatized. Now synthetic chemical pesticides, fertilizers, seeds and even consumer perishables and durables are being controlled by international markets. With globalization here to stay, agriculture too increasingly needs the support of the government.
As industries are increasingly getting global, capitalism is gaining and edge and money tends to go to the rich. Poverty is considered a hindrance to development to development. And capitalism control and dictates this development. Capitalism, which is always in search of low cost inputs, has encouraged child labor, child marriages, poverty, ignorance and disease. Ironically, though, capitalism has slowed down the progress of our society. Synthetic chemical insecticides, chemical fertilizers, and hybrid seeds, which were supposed to speed up progress, have actually become hindrances to it now.
In the name of development, unplanned industrialization has polluted our land, water and air, as pollution increase in cities, the clearance of wastes is major down. This is gradually happening in all cities, New Delhi, Agra, Hyderabad is only a few examples.
Industries in Andhra Pradesh
Before independence, only some small cottage industries and handicrafts units existed in the villages of our state.
Hyderabad, being the capital city of the state and Visakhapatnam being blessed with an established water transport system has lately seen rapid industrialization with the setting up of small, medium and large scale industries.
Many large scale industries with huge investments have been established in the electronic, engineering and power sectors, in the state. Our state is rich in minerals. An abundance of coal unequalled in south India has led to the construction of many thermal power plants of Ramagundam, Kothagudem and Vijayawada. In the production of barites, our state is the first in India and the second in the world. It is second in India in bauxite reserves. Petroleum and natural gas reserves are plenty in the sea and in the Krishna –Godavari basin. Limestone, granite and slate are equally abundant. For this reason, new industries are located around mines. Being centrally located, Andhra Pradesh is well connected by railway with north- south, east-south and south –west India.
The state has 240 industrial areas that spend on the natural resources around them. A great number of industries handling fertilizers, papers, dyeing, alcohol, grains and rice contribute to the pollution.
Majority of industries in north coastal Andhra Pradesh are based on the natural resources in Visakhapatnam, Srikakulam and Vijayanagaram districts. With flourishing agriculture in the districts of west and east Godavari, Krishna, Guntur, Prakasham and Nellore, the industries that manufacture agricultural implements and machinery are about 84%. The south Telangana region with Mahabubnagar, Ranga Reddy, Hyderabad and Medak districts has tannery, chemical, mechanical and agro industries. In north Telangana, 88% of the industries are agro based.