With effects of technological and financial progress of the present century being felt everywhere, it is shameful to see millions being still consigned to live without a roof on their heads. Instead of assigning their misfortune on their destiny it is time for lucky few of the society to take up responsibility and do their chores more proactively.
The right to adequate housing is a fundamental human right as per the charter by Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The declaration when it was issued was grandly embraced by all the nations. Some even went a step farther in incorporating this declaration as a part of their constitution. However,in actual practice the execution of the same policy has been abysmal. Tremors of a global housing crisis can be felt everywhere and it is not remotely related to the caprices of the real estate market.
A disgusting phenomenon which is gradually becoming all pervasive is the unwilling and forced eviction of people from their homes or properties. Such acts are being carried out with impunity by Government agencies and private developers. These hapless people have no other recourse but to remain homeless or lead a deplorable existence in slum areas. However people living in slum or informal settlements are more susceptible to forced evictions as they do not have any legal recourse. As per current data a mindboggling 1 billion people dwell in slums and the numbers are only going to swell in the coming years, if one goes by UN projections. Nigeria alone constitute for more than 2 million forced eviction cases since the turn of the millennium. A staggering 7 hundred thousand people ended up loosing their household in a punitive operation called Operation Murambatsvina ( operation Drive out Rubbish) in Zimbabwe in 2005. The scene is equally dire in all other parts of Africa and Central America.
However, the malaise is not confined to the poor and least developed nations of Africa only. Even developing countries like India and China, who are poised for global dominance, the right to housing policy has been shamelessly ignored. Ditto is the case in USA and Europe. As per UN –HABITAT data there are roughly 3 million people without adequate dwellings in Europe and shockingly there are seven hundred thousand homeless person in USA. With globalization spreading its wings everywhere, migration has been a major constraint for all the developed nations. Hordes of people cross over,hoping for a better living but a majority of them end up being stranded without any adequate shelter.
These violations of a fundamental right have become a cause for grave concern and the same was fervently raised again and again in organisations like United Nations Centre for Human settlement and European Research Centre on Migrations and Ethnic relations. However,despite repeated pleas, the subsequent “corrective” actions that nations have undertaken have been by and large unsatisfactory.
However in some countries the scenario is rosier. A case for example is Sweden who has created a hassle free interest subsidy regime for housing. A small and heavily embargoed country like Cuba has always been at the forefront of providing housing to every citizen by the virtue of subsidies and its extended family culture.
The above two are perfect examples of how concerted effort from the Government can actually stop this growing menace.