When he discovered Ravi’s misdeeds he beat him soundly, and Ravi ran away from the house, determined over to return.
But return he did, not long after the incident; for he soon learned that his master had been a just and kind one and that he would not easily find another like him. He was received back into the family circle and trained to become a valet. Disciplined by Naresh’s stern training, Ravi learned to do a good job. But it was his own irresponsible good nature that made him one of the families. By the time he appeared on the scene he had already become well known to everyone who had ever stayed at Vishwa Bhavan. He soon became our favorite companion.
He was tiny, barely five feet tall, with a brisk walk. His mischievous ways set him apart from any grown-up we knew and we were mystified by the black hair which grew out of his ears. He would tell us the most amusing fashion impossible stories of his splendid imaginary past, of the days when he was known for his charity and when he would scatter basketfuls of fifteen –rupee notes to beggars in the streets. F we happened to come upon him at work, he would fling aside the shoes he was polishing or the clothes he was folding and start jumping about merrily making faces, until with tears of laughter streaming down our faces, we would beg him to stop.
`All this,’ he would say disdainfully pointing to his unfinished job, `is just to fill in time. Actually my work is to dance sing for little children.’
We never tired of the nonsensical yarns heralded to us and made him repeat them endlessly. `Tell us about the time you were accused of stealing a watch,’ I would start.
`Stealing,’ he scoffed, `I who distributed alms to the poor and bathed in Ganges, accused of stealing?
Did not have enough gold watches to spare?
A man is as rich and famous as I naturally had many enemies.
Do you know I was arrested and sentenced to six month’s hanging?
Dully impressed, we shivered our sympathy.
To hang by the neck for six months: can you picture a more cruel fate for an innocent man?
We could not, even for a guilty man. `I could not even be certain that I would come out of that noose alive.’
We shook our heads, feeling the tension in our throats as he clasped his own imitation of the threatened noose.
`Of course, my influence cleared me of the charge. When the judge found out who I was, he released me at once.’
We have sighs of relief.
But’ barked Ravi making us jump, nobody can treat Ravi like that and get away with it.
Do you know what I did that judge?
`What? We echoed.
`Before I left the court,’ said Ravi, I took hold of that old judge and put his head right between his two ears.’
`Served him right too, said Babita with satisfaction.
`Every time he looks at himself in the mirror, he thinks of me,’ concluded Ravi grimly.
Industrial Revolution led to a new model of division of labor, creating the modern factory, a technological network whose workers do not need to be artisans and not have to possess specific knowledge. Therefore, the plant introduced a pay impersonal process based on a wage system. As a result of the financial risks assumed by economic systems that accompanied the industrial development, the factory also led to the threat of dismissal to employees.
The factory system prevailed after strong resistance by the English guilds and artisans, who saw clearly the threat to their income and lifestyle.
In the manufacture of muskets, eg, dealers fought against the use of interchangeable parts and mass production of rifles. However, the factory system became a basic institution of modern technology and the work of men, women and children became just another commodity in the production process. Final assembly of a product (reaper, sewing machine) is not the work of one person but the result of an integrated and collective. This division of work in operations, which are increasingly being specified more, became the most decisive feature of work in the new industrial society, with all the hours of tedium that implies.
Accelerating innovation
• Increasing agricultural productivity and medical science developed, Western society came to have great faith in the positive technological change, despite its less pleasant aspects.
• Some achievements of engineering and construction of the Suez Canal, the canal of Paraná and the Eiffel Tower (1889) produced pride and amazement.
• The telegraph and railroad interconnected most big cities in the late nineteenth century, the lamp (bulb) invented by Thomas Alva Edison began to replace candles and lamps, in 30 years all industrial nations to generate electrical power lighting and other systems.
• Some inventions of the nineteenth and twentieth century, such as telephone, radio, automobile and airplane engine served not only to improve the quality of life, but also for enhancing universal respect for society in general felt about the technology.
• With the development of mass production with assembly line for cars and household appliances and seemingly limitless invention more machines for all types of tasks, acceptance of innovations by the most advanced countries, especially United temperature and climate became not only a fact of daily life, but a way of life itself.
• Industrial societies are rapidly transformed through increased mobility, rapid communication and a large amount of information available in the media.
• World War I and the Great Depression forced a readjustment of this rapid explosion of technology.
• The development of underwater weapons, battleships and chemical weapons did see more clearly the destructive face of technological change.
• In addition, the unemployment rate worldwide and the disasters caused by capitalist institutions in the 1930s suggested to some sectors more vigorous criticism on the benefits arising from technological progress.
• With World War II came the development of the weapon since then is a general threat to life on the planet: the atomic bomb.
• The major program to build the first atomic bombs during the war, the Manhattan Project was the largest technological effort and more expensive to date.
• This program not only opened an era of weapons of mass destruction, but also high-level science with large scale technology projects often funded by governments and were flying from major scientific laboratories.
• A peaceful technology of World War II, the development of computers, transistors, electronics and the trend toward miniaturization, had a greater effect on society.
• The enormous possibilities offered went fast becoming reality, this entailed the replacement of labor by automated systems and the rapid and radical change in methods of work practice.
Achievements and technological benefits
• Leaving aside the negative effects, the technology made people gain control over the nature and construct a civilized existence.
• It increased the production of material goods and services and reduced the amount of work required to produce a great number of things.
• In the advanced industrial world the machines do most work in agriculture and many industries, workers produce more goods than a century ago with fewer working hours.
• Much of the population of industrialized countries have a better life (better food, clothing, accommodation and a variety of devices for home use)
• Today, many people are living longer and healthier as a result of technology.
• In the twentieth century were insurmountable technological achievements, with a much higher rate of growth than in earlier periods.
• The invention of the automobile, radio, television and the telephone revolutionized the way of life and work of many millions.
• The two areas where most progress has been the medical technology that has provided the means to diagnose and many deadly diseases and the exploration of space, which has produced the most spectacular technological achievement of the century, for the first time men got out and return to the terrestrial biosphere.
Effects of Technology
In recent decades, some observers have begun to warn of some results of the technology that also have destructive and harmful aspects.
From the 1970s to the 1980s, the number of these negative results have increased and their problems have reached public awareness. Observers noted, among other dangers, that automobile exhaust was polluting the atmosphere, the world's resources were being used beyond its capabilities, pesticides like DDT that threatened the food chain and that a large tailings variety of industrial resources were contaminating groundwater supplies.
In recent decades, it is argued that the environment has been so damaged by technological processes that one of the greatest challenges of modern society is the search for places to store the large amount of waste produced.
The problems caused by technology are the result of the inability to predict or assess its possible negative consequences. Will continue reviewing the advantages and disadvantages of technology while capitalizing on its results.
Proposed alternatives
The concept called appropriate technology, appropriate or intermediate is accepted as an alternative to the technological problems of the industrialized nations and what is more important as a solution to the problem of social imbalance caused by the transfer of advanced technologies from developed countries.
It is said that the overwhelming nature of modern technology and threat to certain values such as quality of life, freedom of choice, the human sense of proportion and equal justice and opportunities for individual creativity. Proponents of this view propose a value system in which people recognize that land resources are limited and that human life should be restructured around the commitment to control the growth of industry, size of cities and the use of energy. The restoration and renewal of natural resources are the main technological objectives.
Moreover, as modern society no longer lives in the industrial era of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the complex networks possible, thanks to advanced electronics will make obsolete the institutions of national governments, multinational corporations and overcrowded cities.
Technology has always been an important means of creating new human and physical environments. Only during the twentieth century it became necessary to ask whether the technology will destroy all or part of civilization created by mankind.
Future Prospects of technology
Throughout the twentieth century, the technology spread from Europe and the United States other major nations such as Japan and the former Soviet Union, but in no case did all countries in the world. Many of the countries of so-called developing have never experienced the system of manufacture or other institutions of industrialization, and many millions of people only have the basic technology. The introduction of Western technology has often led to excessive dependence on Western goods. For the population of developing countries dependent on subsistence agriculture has little relevance this kind of technology.
Conclusion
The discoveries and technology developments continue to offer the human mind can not believe. Many think that having a website is a guarantee of success. Technology has an evil nature, because it gives a false sense of complacency. You have to put technology into perspective, but it is undeniable that the role fulfilled within organizations and therefore within humanity, it also means the positive and negative effects. According to Rifkin, author of the bestseller, technology is rapidly replacing the jobs in business and in 2020 ventured to observe the relentless elimination of factory workers.
Their proposal is to perform a contract between government, employers, and the third sector consists of: civil associations and government agencies, to share the benefits arising from the use of technology and anticipate future social problems. In this context, education seems to be the key.
A. Ssdashivrao teaches Sane Guruji San Guruji’s father, Sadashivrao was very particular about orderliness. It was a custom in their family that each family member would prepare his own leaf plate for his or her meals. Sane Guruji’s father would carefully collect different types of leaves. When preparing the leaf plate, he would be particular to see that all the leaves are arranged properly and that the folding is neatly done.
He would insist upon the other family members following these principles. He always used to say: “Any thing you do, however small the act may be, must be done neatly and tidily”, Sane Guruji was unable to prepare his own leaf plate as he had not learnt the art of arranging the leaves and stitching them. Every time his sister used to prepare it for him. As his mother felt that he was not willing to learn the art and prepare his own leaf plate, his mother wanted to teach him a lesson. She refused to serve him food unless he prepared his own leaf plate. Again his elder sister came to his rescue and taught him. Finally he learnt to prepare his own leaf plate.
He prepared it and showed it to his father. His father was happy. He showed him how it could be made in a better way, by making the folding more exact and perfect. B. Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil teaches students Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil wanted to make the youths physically and mentally strong. He established many schools and colleges, especially in areas which were remote and not easy to reach. He got the students to build the roads and render their services by Shramadan. His advice to students was: “Children should get up early. They should exercise, keep their mind calm and be happy. They should be regular. They should work in the gardens, fields, hostels, without trying to avoid work. Students should wear simple but clean clothes.
They should wash clothes by themselves. There is a pleasure in doing one’s own work, with out depending on others. The body should be healthy and free from disease. A healthy mind exists only in a healthy body. Health should be good. All work should be done in time. Orderliness lies in regularity. Study should be done regularly and there should be continuity in it. Laziness is the enemy of man. So laziness should be avoided”.
The class is preparing for a story-telling competition organized by Sane Guruji Vidyalaya. Before selecting the pupils who would be able to tell stories, the class teacher speaks to the class about Sane Guruji and his book, “Shyamchi Aai”. Teacher : Children, Sane Guruji Vidyalaya is organizing a story-telling competition. I would like at least two of you to participate in the competition. Do you know who Sane Guruji was? Malini : yes, teacher, we know hw was a freedom fighter. We have read about him last year. Teacher : you are right, but what you have read in Std. “V is a small part of his achievement. When some of you intend to participate in the story-telling competition, you should know more about him. His mother moulded his character and developed his personality. She taught him the greatest values in life. He had deep respect for his parents. In the book “Shyamchi Aai”, he has recorded some of the interesting episodes of his life and how she taught him the values of life. Sunil : Teacher, please tell us about Sane Guruji and his life.
Teacher : I am happy that you are interested. We may not have enough time to discuss his life at length, but I can give you some idea of his contribution and how his mother taught jhim, as written by him, in his book. The book “Shyamchi Aai” was written by Sane Guruji when he was in prison at Nasik in February 1933. Firoz : Teacher, please tell us more about him. Teacher : Sane Guruji was born on 24 December 1899. His father, Sadashivrao lived in Konkan at Palgad. During his grand father’s time, the family was wealthy but his own parents had to go through hardships and were poor. With great difficulty, he completed his school and college education with courage and determination. He completed his M.A. from S.P. College, Pune. He took up a job as a teacher in a school at Amalner. He was incharge of the school hostel. As in charge of the hostel, he taught the students sef-reliance and developed in them the spirit of service, by his own example. His mother’s teachings, the condition of India and the Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi greatly influenced him. It was then that his political life began. Pupils : What was his contribution to the Freedom Movement? Teacher : He propagated for the Congress in Khandesh. He was imnprisoned in 1933, 1940 and 1943. It was on one such occasion that he wrote “Shyamchi Aai” in memory of his mother. Sunil : If he could write a book in prison, he must be a great author; whate were the other books written by him?
Teacher : Even during his school days, he used to compose poems. He wrote many poems, novels, essays, dialogues, biographies. All his writings reflect how sensitive he was to naturel, feelings of animals and human beings. Friend lines and deep love are reflected in every episode of his writings. It is worth discussing how he developed the values in life. He respected both his parents but he loved his mother very much and it is this boundless love which made him write the book “Shyamchi Aai”. Malini : What were his main values in life?
Teacher : His main principle was, “Mother’s love is the origin of all other love”. His mother made him great and he made her great to the extent that she was not only the mother of the children of Maharastra but the mother of the children of whole India. Pupils : We would like to know how he became such a nice and great person. Teacher : He learnt his passion for flowers from his father and how to love them from his mother. His mother used to tell him: “Do not pluck the buds from the plant”. Pupils : What were the other values she taught him? Teacher : Her teachings were as follows:
• What you have, share with others. • There is no greater happiness than that of making others happy, and wiping their tears.
• Lift the stone, remove the thorn and plant the tree. Clean the road.
• Speak sweetly to everyone.
• Sit by the side of sick people.
• Our stay in this world is short. Wipe the tears of those who weep, and help them
. • Love is the soul of life.
• Give love and receive love.
• Just as you loved the injured bird and tried to do everything to revive it, love your brother and sister and people.
• Just as you take care to see that your feet do not become dirty, take care that the mind does not become dirty.
• Marriage means some of the qualities of men are acquired by women and some of the qualities of women by men. Pupils : His mother was an ideal mother. It is rightly said that she was not only the mother of all the children of Maharashtra but of those of entire India. Teacher : She loved plants and did not like to hurt them. She loved animals; she worshipped the cow in their house, which was dear to everybody. She gave food and cleaned it with love and care. She treated those who came to work in their house with love and respect. Sane Guruji imbibed these qualities from his mother and spread these values among others through his writings and interaction with people. Pupils : Teacher, where else will we get more matter for preparing for the story competition? Teacher : We will be getting books on Sane Guruji and his thoughts both in Marathi and English so that you can prepare your stories.
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