Media Access Control (MAC) address:

*MAC address is a protocol used in data link layer.

*The data will be in the form of FRAMES.

*It is an unique address which is hard printed in all networking devices.

*MAC address can be a physical address or hardware address or network adapter address or adapter address.

*MAC address is a 12 digit hexadecimal address which means either 0-9 or A-F or 48-bit binary address.

*The MAC address will be written as 01:AF:12:36:B3:CD or 01-AF-12-36-B3-CD.

*No two devices will have the same MAC address.

IEEE has the control of MAC address which gives the first 3 parts of MAC address which identifies the Organisation Unique Identifier (OUI) or Company Unique Identifier (CUI). In other words the first three parts of MAC address identifies the manufacture's name or the name of the company.

Internet Protocol (IP) address: IP address is used to identify the destination of a network and it also assigned to the host. The data will be in the form of PACKETS. It is a 32-bit binary address divided into 4 octet.

Internet Authority Numbering Authority (IANA) governs the IP address. IP address are classified into 5 class as follows:

* Class A.

* Class B.

* Class C.

* Class D.

* Class E.

Class A IP address: The class A IP address ranges from 0-127 or 0-126. The first octet should be 0-127 or 0-126. For ex. 10.20.134.123 or 57.255.254.234.

Class B IP address: The class B IP address ranges from 128-191. The first octet should be in the range of 128-191. For ex. 134.20.254.112 or 185.57.134.20.

Class C IP address: The class C IP address ranges from 192-223. The first octet should be in the range. For ex. 192.23.123.12 etc.

Class D IP address: The class D IP address ranges from 224-239.

Class E IP address: The class E IP address ranges from 240-255.

class D and class E IP address are never being used. Class D is used for multicasting. Class E is used for reserved or research.