• They are very tough.
• Their fibers have very high tensile strength, Tm & Tg.
• They have high crystallinity in solid state.
• Behave as “self-reinforced plastics”.

• T.V. screen, Optical fibers making, electronics & telecomm.

conducting polymer -----                                                                                      4

• The polymer those have conjugation through out the chain, arc found to have measurable conductivities:- polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiopene.
• Conductivity can be increased by P-doping or N-doping. P-doping is carried out by oxidizing agents such as-I₂, Br₂ etc. & n-doping is carried out by reducing agent such as-Na, K etc.

Application: -                                                                                                3

• Electrode Rechargeable batteries.
• It is used for coating films, corrosion resistance, and printed circuit board.
• In oxidation -reduction reaction.
• Sensors: In the gas separation. For pH, O₂, NO₂, SO₂.
• Optical fiber: radiation from computer screen & also used in smart windows.
• In electronics: photodiodes, light emitting wall papers, data storage.

applications of rubber

• Tyres: Rubber possesses viscoelastic property, therefore used in manufacturing of tyres.
• Electrical industry: due to the remarkable resistance to electricity, hard rubber is largely used in electrical industry as insulating coating for wires, in making switch board, plug, socket, electrical gloves...etc.
• Articles: Due to elasticity, toughness, strength it is used for making tubes for bicycle, automobile. & airplanes, golf balls, mechanical rubber goods.
• Mounting: Rubber possesses high load bearing capacity & resilience. Thus it is used for mounting. Mounting is the section of the rubber sandwiched between two metal plates. That reduces the machine vibration & improves quietness of the machine equipments.
• Rubber lined tanks: due to the good chemical resistivity, it is used for making rubber lined tanks.