There are lot of such options in Konkan, Maharashtra where the local families rent out rooms in their own homes. The homes are usually on the seaside and are enclosed all around by betelnut palms, mango and cashew trees, and the property extends right upto the beach, so you get your own private beach in many such homestays. The entire such property is called a 'wadi' and the food is is typical, authentic simple but delicious Konkani Marathi fare.
Here is one link for Velas beach which is now famous for the thousands of Olive Ridley turtles that come ashore to lay eggs and then comes the time which is literally a feast for the eyes, ie, the baby turtles hatched from the eggs heading out to the sea, in droves. I have seen it once, and it is indeed an awesome sight!
http://simplyoffbeat.com/explore-destinations/maharashtra-travel-guide/homestays-in-konkan-raigad-district-velas-beach/