HISTORY OF THE WORLD,S MOST POPULAR SPORT-FOOTBALL
Origin of the name
Whenever we hear about football only one image comes to our mind that 11 players (10 in field and one goalkeeper) of both teams trying to score a goal against each other but that is just the most refined form of different variants of this game which were played in medieval Europe.
all different variants of this game has one thing common and this is that all those variants include kicking the ball with the foot/any other part of body by a player to score a goal which itself reveals the origin of the name of this game.
Common elements of this game
- two teams which are comprised of usually 11-18 players (10 in field and one goal keeper) some variants of the game which have fewer players are also popular
- a clearly defined area where game is played
- main objective of each team is to score goals by putting the ball in between the two goal post of opposing team and the other team tries to defend the goal
- players can use their body to move the ball main codes of moving the ball are kicking,passing,tackling.
- Time duration varies as per sprcific form like futsal,rugby, footie etc.
Mention in ancient times
there is mention of many type of ancient ball games in ancient Greece and roman culture which included the use of feet, roman game harpastum and Greek game episkyros have been acknowledged as earlier derivatives of football by FIFA.
by different names and forms this game has been played in different parts of the world from ancient times some most popular names and forms of this game all over the globe are as follow.
1) Ancient Greece-episkyros ( period of development 388-311 BC)
2) Holy roman empire-harpastum (period of development 106-43 BC)
3) China-cuju( Date of establishment 206 BC-220 AD during the rule of han dynasty)
4) Japan and Korea- kemari( period of development was 600AD it was variation of chinese cuju)
but according to FIFA cuju is the earliest form of this game as per scientific evidence.
Mention of the game in medieval and modern europe
middle ages saw a gigantic rise in the popularity of this game mainly it was played in England and other parts of britain around 9th century and it was known as historia brittonum which means party of boys playing football, in 12th century a ball game played in france was known as La Soule but most popular form of football which was played among neighbouring towns and villages of england was known as Mob football.
Disapproval of the game
many efforts have been done by aithorities to ban this game but after all conspiracies and predicaments this game has survived .
Different codes and variants of football which have developed through ages
Association football-it is also known as football, footie , soccer and its branches are as follow
- five a side football-played throughout the world
- Futsal-FIFA approved five a side indoor game
- Indoor soccer-six a side indoor game a latin american variant
- Master football-six a side game played by professionals in europe
- Paralympic football
Rugby school football and its variants
- Rugby football
- Rugby league
- Rugby union
- beach rugby-rugby played on sand
- Gidiron football
- American football
- Canadian football
- Indoor football
there are several other types of codes and variants of football which are known as australian football and gaelic football with changes in common elements of the game.
SOCCER-MOST REFINED AND ADVANCED FORM OF FOOTBALL
Introduction to the game
Association football which is more commonly known as soccer is game played between two teams of 11 players with a spherical ball, it is played by more then 300 million players in more then 200 countrie that is why it is most popular sport and pat time of people in the world.
the game is usually played in a rectangular field with two goal posts at both ends of the game,main objective of each team to score a goal against another by the use of body parts and feet other then hands , only goal keepers of both time are permitted to touch the ball by their hands,the team that scores more goals then other becomes victorious.
but if in case both teams score same goal draw is declared and game goes into extra time or penalty shootout.
Association football or Soccer is actually governed internationally by International federation of association football and french term for this body is commonly known as FIFA(Federation internationale de Football Association) which organises world cup of football in every four years.
Some interesting facts about this game
this game is governed and regulated by 17 laws which are published by FIFA but maintained by IFAB-International football association board.
game is always officiated by referee who has full authority to enforce the laws of the game in the match in which he is appointed.
goalkeepers are only permitted to touch the ball but they can do it only within the penalty area in front of their own goal.
one variant of association football is known as bandy which is like ice hockey but goalposts are like football and most of the rules which are followed are in this game are rules of association football.
Area of play or game
area where this game is played is commonly known as pitch and standard measurment of the pitch for matches of international measurments are as follow
length 100-110m and width 64-75m
for non international matches length and width are as follow
length 90-120m and width 45-90m
Duration of the game and resolution in case of tie
Duration of game is normally of 90 minutes which comprises two halves each of 45 minutes and there is 15 minutes break between these two halves but if game ends in a tie after 90 minutes then game enters into extra time or penalty shootout.
Methods of play during a game
methods of play during a game are mainly known as ball in and out of play , ball in means when ball is inthe field and out of ball means when ball leaves the field of play or game is stopped by referee.
How referees deal with the misconduct on the field
misconducts which are mainly done by players include tripping the oppnent or pushing an opponent or intentionally handling the ball .
these misconducts are punishable by different type of cards like yellow card, red card.
yellow card is shown as a warning or a cautionary measure while red cards are shown for dismissal from the field but if yellow card is shown for second timw then it results into dismissal.
Types of tournaments held
major tournament is held by FIFA in every four years , this game is also included in summer olympic games since 1990 and there are several championships are held during the year like UEFA , CAF(african cup of nations), FIFA confederation cup etc.
Conclusion
this most popular game of earth has been played for centuries across the globe by different ethnic and cultural groups this game has survived yet after the long history of 2300 years and yet flourishing and evolving , evolution is always essence for survival of any game and this game has evolved and transitioned through many phases of history and yet once again proved its mark on globe.